Reading guidance：Temperature is one of the important factors of the composting process, but also the criterion of compost can achieve one of the most important indexes of harmless requirements. In the composting proces

   Temperature is one of the important factors of the composting process, but also the criterion of compost can achieve one of the most important indexes of harmless requirements. In the composting process, pile body temperature should be controlled at 45 to 65 DEG C, but in 55 to 60 degrees is better, not more than 60 DEG C; temperature more than 60 DEG C, will be of beneficial microorganisms' growth inhibition produced. Composting is an exothermic process, if we do not control, temperature up to 75 DEG C, the temperature is too high will the excessive consumption of organic matter, and reduce the quality of compost product.
1. Choose composting methods
   First, according to the requirements of reactor feed water rate, sludge and bulking agents according to a certain proportion of the volume of mixed, mixed evenly into forced ventilation static positions, respectively, in perforated plate laying a layer thickness of 10 ~ 20cm layer and in the heap at the top of the laying a layer of thickness of the covering layer 10 to 20cm conditioner for.
The boot 10 to 90s compost compost pile ventilation by natural ventilation and forced ventilation combined. It is divided into two stages. In the first stage, the stack ventilation by natural ventilation mode; in the second stage, according to the different stacking to achieve sound health requirements set stack control temperature is 60 DEG C when the pile center temperature reaches the set temperature, the temperature controller to control the centrifugal fan, the pile body forced ventilation; when the pile body core temperature is lower than the set temperature and time controller controlling the centrifugal fan, the pile body forced ventilation (centrifugal fan, shutdown 20~60min to pile keep high-temperature period, so as to achieve stacking harmless sanitary requirements.
2. Analyzing methods
  At different times of the composting process respectively in the heap of upper (from the top 20 cm), middle (from the top 65cm) and lower (20 cm from the bottom) collected some samples and carefully remove the wood, stones and other debris, uniform mixing, sieve the 7mm. Sludge composting test indicators: pile temperature, moisture content, organic matter, pH, coliform value and ascarid eggs killing rate. Their determination of the specific methods are as follows:
   Adopt temperature controller and temperature sensor to test bulk temperature; this machine will automatically print and type every 6 hours;
   Moisture content: 2 to 5 g fresh samples are dried under 105 degree centigrade for 24 hours;
   Organic matters: samples which have been dried will be fired for 4 hours under 550 degree centigrade.
   PH value: get 2 to 5 g fresh samples; shocked by ion for 2 hours according to one tenth proportion;
   Coliform and the killing rate of Ascaris eggs: methods gb7959-87 appendix were detected.
 3. Conclusion
  A. Temperature
   H-1 (- -14 to 5.0 (middle. Effect of environmental temperature on sludge composting pile temperature experiment (IV) to (VII) of the pile body temperature reaches the set temperature (60 DEG C), and can maintain a high temperature period, in the cold winter air temperature DEG C, the average temperature of 5.1 degrees C) and experimental (VII) heating rate (0.23 DEG h-1) was lower than that of other experimental heating rate 0.53~0.65 DEG C DEG C), the study showed that in sludge composting process, the environment temperature of the pile body temperature normal temperature had little effect on the cold climate of pile body middle temperature heating rate. In the cold winter, as long as the proper operation, sludge compost can smoothly at high temperature, and can maintain a high temperature period (about 9 days).
   B. Moisture content
   In the high speed stage of composting process, organic matter and water rate showed a downward trend; in the composting process of compost after stage, organic matter and moisture content changed little. The wood and corn cob as conditioner sludge compost than the husk and rice husk as conditioner sludge compost organic matter degradation faster and moisture removal more.
   Compared with the initial moisture content and organic matter content, at the end of the high-speed stage and maturity stage after the experiment, the water content (IV) were decreased by 6.26% and 2.11%, organic matter were decreased by 10.26% and 7%; (V) experimental water rate were decreased by 11.90% and 10.76% respectively, the organic matter decreased by 8.94% and 10.51% experiments; (VI) water content were decreased by 6.12% and increased by 1.81%, organic matter were decreased by 12.29% and 13.11%; the experiment (VII) moisture content were decreased by 24.02% and 20.27%, organic matter were decreased by 13.11% and 18.47%. in the experiment (IV) to (VII) after the maturity stage. Experiment (IV) to (VII) rate rose slightly, the possible reason is that feed produced by the decomposition of water by low temperature and slow evaporation, so as to accumulate in the compost.
   In sludge composting process, the pH of the mixture of sludge and bulking agents value should be in from 6 to 9. This research shows, these experiments the pH value range were between 6 to 9, so there is no need to of stockpile of the pH value is adjusted. With the experimental results also show that in the normal sludge composting process, pile material of pH value has a rise during the high temperature period. In later maturity stages tend to be neutral characteristics.
  C. Sanitary standards
   According to fecal harmless sanitary standard gb7959-87, highest pile temperature of 50 to 55 DEG C or more sustained 5 to 7d, fecal coliform value is 0.1mm, the killing of Ascaris eggs rate for the range of 95% to 100%. In different environmental temperature, using different conditioners of sludge compost hygiene indexes can meet the national standard.
 
 

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