Reading guidance：Oil is the blood of industry. Itis a main energy source of our country which is related to the national economy and the peoples livelihood, strategic resources of national economic development and nati

     Oil is the blood of industry. It is a main energy source of our country which is related to the national economy and the people's livelihood, strategic resources of national economic development and national security. Increase the overall domestic oil production is helpful to our national economy smooth and sustainable development.
     Northern Shaanxi is an important strategic base of energy and chemical industry, petroleum, natural gas resources are abundant. The overall planning of mineral resources in Shaanxi province (2008-2015) "put forward: to the construction of energy and chemical base in Northern Shaanxi as the focus, increase the petroleum natural gas, mining efforts. Shaanxi province's economic and social development of the Twelfth Five Year Plan" put forward: to speed up the promotion of efficient transformation of old oil fields, increase oil recovery technology, to further enhance the recovery rate. The increase of oil and gas resource exploration efforts, in the grasp of the original block extension exploration at the same time, efforts to develop new oil and gas block, built the first national oil and gas province. In recent years, with the scale of oil exploitation in Northern Shaanxi continue to expand, environmental issues become increasingly prominent, the sludge problem has been one of the main environmental problems in oil and petrochemical industry development in Northern Shaanxi oil pollution caused by mud. Hazards are multifaceted, mainly on the surrounding environment pollution. The impact on animal plants and human health, increasing the burden on the enterprise sewage, while continuing, efficient and clean production of oil companies caused great pressure to sustainable, efficient and clean production.
      The source of oily sludge is from following methods: raw oil extraction produces oily sludge; transportation process produces oily sludge; sludge disposal in oil refinery plants produces oily sludge; quality of these three matters exists obvious difference. Using these differences realize separation of oil, water and sludge in order to achieve harmless, stabilization and reclamation.
      At present, there are three ways to separate these three matters: solvent extraction, hot water washing, whirl separation, chemical recycle and flotation.
     The main process is: oily sludge storage tank by hydraulic valve into the mixing tank, adding temperature at 70 ~ 85 DEG C hot water in the hydraulic mixing tank, the adding amount of the proportion of oily sludge and water quality in the range of 1:3-1:1, while the bottom of the pool with hot steam heating pipe for heating. After mixing, the sludge and water are mixed to the oil phase equilibrium in solid and liquid, produced oily mud, then screened the impurities into the mixing tank. Decomposition agent is added in the mixing tank after mixing, stirring and cutting force generated phase force, give full play to the decomposition agent in demulsification under the impact of the separation effect the maximum adsorption and separation in the surface sediment of the oil. The oily sludge is decomposed by stirring mud pump delivery to the heating tank, oil, mud, water treatment sludge water. Three phase separation in polymer reagents and heating device together Three-phase fully through the mud, sludge, water and oil particles between the continuous and high-speed collision, causes the small oil droplets increased hundreds of times. Colloid, asphalt emulsion, oil, water, mud density, because of the serious difference exists, so the heat precipitating tank capable of automatic separation of. From the heat and precipitate at the bottom of the tank to discharge the mud, after the separation of water into the pool, and finally separated the oil and then into a heating tank precipitate further into the oil tank. The technology covers an area of small, low investment, consume less water, crude oil extraction rate is high, the product quality is stable, mature technology and reliable. Finally, sludge reclamation can be achieved.
     Along with the development of North Shaanxi oil field, petrochemical, storage and transportation of petroleum industry, especially in Yanchang oilfield, the depth of the development of Changqing Oilfield two oil, oily sludge produced more and more, the impact on the environment is growing. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of the national environmental protection requirements and environmental protection society to deepen understanding, treatment oily sludge is particularly important. Oily sludge harmless, reduction, resource processing technology will become an inevitable trend of development. Oily sludge and harmful substances with higher oil content, the use of advanced processing technology of recycling waste oil recycling, can be more than 97% of the oily sludge, in the implementation of environmental management and control pollution at the same time, can obtain certain economic benefits; in addition the treated sludge and clay in the corresponding treatment, made of brick after comprehensive utilization, complete realization of oily sludge Therefore, it is of great practical significance for the sustainable development of oil field to control and utilize the oily sludge economically and effectively.
     Comprehensive utilization of sewage sludge is also a pollution control of environmental protection projects can recycling sludge in oil, and can reduce the harm of oil sludge on the environment, in line with countries "harmless, reduction, resource-based" policy on environmental protection, in line with the requirements of the strategy of sustainable development. With oil continuous exploitation, especially for the Northern Shaanxi region is increasingly prominent, for the treatment of oily sludge is imminent, countries and enterprises should be to formulate a complete set of processing plan and implementation plan. 

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